(1) ABS (American Bureau of Shipping): Focuses on impact resistance; requires cranes to pass impact tests simulating ship collisions; the braking system must undergo additional high-temperature load tests (to prevent overheating failure during long-term operation).
(2) LR (Lloyd’s Register): Emphasizes environmental protection and intelligent systems; requires cranes to be equipped with energy consumption monitoring devices; intelligent cranes must provide certification for remote diagnostic functions.
(3) CCS (China Classification Society): Highlights local adaptation; for cranes on special ships (e.g., Vale-type bulk carriers), additional adaptability tests are required (e.g., adapting to specific cargo hold sizes).
(4) DNV (Det Norske Veritas): Cranes for polar ships must pass low-temperature start-up and continuous operation tests at -40℃ to prevent component failure caused by low temperatures.